Novel Source Apportionment Method Based on Gis Receptor Model for Aquatic Perfluorinated Compound (pfc) Pollution -a Case Study in the Basin of Tokyo Bay, Japan-

Introduction Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have been detected from various environmental matrices even in Arctic, and known to be ubiquitous pollutants. Fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) and fluorooctane sulfonamidoethanol (FOSE), which can be degraded to perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), respectively, spread to all over the globe through atmosphere and are considered to be the contributing factor to the ubiquitous pollution by PFCs . In addition to this, nonpoint source type pollution by PFCs must have contributed to the widespread pollution, especially in urban region. The nonpoint source pollution should have been caused by the use of distributed consumer products containing PFCs, and the absence of the declining trend of PFC pollution level after various regulations on their production and manufacturing might be due to the contribution of the PFC loading from nonpoint sources. However, nonpoint sources of PFCs have not been well characterized and their contributions to the environment compared with point sources have not been sufficiently evaluated. Thus in this study, we developed a GIS-based technique for source identification of the nonpoint sources of PFC, and evaluation of the source contribution to the PFC pollution. The results based on the data obtained from intensive survey in Tokyo Bay Basin showed the usefulness of the GIS-based receptor modeling for source identification and apportionment.